Steel Alloy-Making Process | Alloy Design & Phase Transformations Research Group

Iron Ore: Typically hematite or magnetite, the ore is crushed and screened to achieve the desired particle size for efficient reduction in the blast furnace.
Coke: Produced from metallurgical coal through high-temperature carbonisation, coke acts both as a fuel and a reducing agent. Its strength and porosity are carefully controlled to ensure furnace stability and efficiency.
Limestone: A key fluxing agent, limestone is crushed and sized to remove impurities such as silica and alumina during smelting. It reacts to form slag, which captures and separates these unwanted elements.

Discover how steel alloys are created, refined, and transformed from raw minerals into advanced engineering materials. This page takes you step by step through the steelmaking journey-covering raw material preparation, melting, refining, alloying, casting, and surface treatments. Each stage explains the process and its impact on structure, performance, and modern applications. Whether you are a student, researcher, or professional, you will gain clear insight into the science and engineering that shape high-performance steels.